Albert Lasker Award
for Special Achievement in Medical Science

Key Publications of James Darnell, Jr.

Books
1967 - General Virology (2nd Ed.) with S. E. Luria, Wiley

1977 - General Virology (3rd Ed.) with S. E.Luria, D. Baltimore and A. Campbell, Wiley

1986 - Molecular Cell Biology (1st Ed.) with H. Lodish & D. Baltimore, Scientific American

1990 - Molecular Cell Biology (2nd Ed.) with H. Lodish & D. Baltimore, Scientific American

1995 - Molecular Cell Biology (3rd Ed.) with H. Lodish, P. Matsudaira, D. Baltimore, A. Berk & L. Zipursky, Scientific American Books

2000 - Molecular Cell Biology (4th Ed.) with H. Lodish, A. Berk, L. Zipursky, P. Matsudaira & D. Baltimore, Scientific American Books

Publications
1. Morse, S. I., Darnell, J. E. and Glaser, R. J. (1954). Production of streptococcal infections in pharynx of the rabbit. Proc. Soc. Exp. Bio. Med. 87, 582-585.

2. Morse, S. I., Darnell, J. E., Glaser, R. J., and Thomas, W. A. (1955). Cardiac lesions in rabbits after pharyngeal infections with group A streptococci. Proc. Soc. Exp. Bio. Med. 89, 6l3.

3. Glaser, R. J., Thomas, W. A., Morse, S. I. and Darnell, J. E. (1956). The incidence and pathogenesis of myocarditis in rabbits after Group F streptococcal pharyngeal infections. J. Exp. Med. 103, l73.

4. Darnell, J. E., Pesch, B. B. and Glaser, R. J. (1955). Effect of penicillin on Group A streptococci in vivo in the absence of leucocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 34, 1237-1241.

5. Darnell, J. E. (1958). The adsorption and maturation of poliovirus in singly and multiple infected cells. J. Exp. Med. 107, 633.

6. Darnell, J. E. and Eagle, H. (1958). Glucose and glutamine in the production of poliovirus by HeLa cells. Virology. 16, 556.

7. Darnell, J. E., Lockart, R. Z. and Sawyer, T. K. (1958). The effect of neutral red on plaque formation in two virus-cell systems. Virology 6, 567.

8. Darnell, J. E., Sawyer, T. K. and Eagle, H. (1959). The effect of cell population density on the amino acid requirements for poliovirus synthesis in HeLa cells. J. Exp. Med. 110, 445.

9. Darnell, J. E. and Sawyer, T. K. (1959).Variation in plaque forming ability among parental and clonal strains of HeLa cells. Virology 8, 223.

10. Darnell, J. E., and Sawyer, T. K. (1960). The basis for the variation of susceptibility topoliovirus in HeLa cells. Virology 11, 665.

11. Levintow, L. and Darnell, J. E. (1960). A simplified procedure for purification of large amounts of poliovirus: Characterization and amino acid analysis of type 1 poliovirus. J. Biol. Chem. 235, 74.

12. Darnell, J. E. and Levintow, L. (1960). Poliovirus protein: source of amino acids and time course of synthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 235, 70.

13. Darnell, J. E. and Eagle, H. (1960). The biosynthesis of poliovirus in cell cultures. Advances in Virus Res. VII, Acad. Press.

14. Darnell, J. E. (1960). The source and time course of synthesis of the constituents of poliovirus. In Perspectives in Virology, Vol. ll, pp. 80-88.

15. Joklik, W. K. and Darnell, J. E. (1960). The adsorption and early fate of purified poliovirus in HeLa cells. Virology 13, 439-447.

16. Darnell, J. E., Levintow, L., Thoren, M. and Hooper, L. (1960). The time course of synthesis of poliovirus RNA. Virology 13, 271-279.

17. Levintow, L., Thoren, M. M., Darnell, J. E. and Hooper, L. (1962). Effect of p-fluorophenylalanine and puromycin on the replication of poliovirus. Virology 16, 220-229.

18. Darnell, J. E. (1962). Virus action and replication. In: Information Storage and Neural Control, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, pgs. 123-139 (eds. W. F. Field and W. Abbott).

19. Scherrer, K. and Darnell, J. E. (1962). Sedimentation characteristic of rapidly labeled RNA from HeLa cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 7, 486-490.

20. Darnell, J. E. (1962). Early events in poliovirus infection. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 27,149- 159.

21. Warner, J., Madden, M. J. and Darnell, J. E. (1963). The interaction of poliovirus RNA with E. coli ribosomes. Virology 19, 393-399.

22. Zimmerman, E. F., Heeter, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1963). RNA synthesis in poliovirus infected cells. Virology 19, 400-408.

23. Scherrer, K., Latham, H. and Darnell, J. E. (1963). Demonstration of an unstable RNA and precursor to ribosomal RNA in HeLa cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 49, 240-248. 24. Penman, S., Scherrer, K., Becker, Y. and Darnell, J. E. (1963). Polyribosomes in normal and poliovirus infected HeLa cells and their relationship to messenger RNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 49, 654-662.

25. Lerner, A. M., Bell, E. and Darnell, J. E. (1963). Ribosomal RNA in the developing chick embryo. Science 141, 1187-1188.

26. Becker, Y., Penman, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1963). Acytoplasmic particulate involved in poliovirus synthesis. Virology 21,279.

27. Girard, M., Penman, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1964). The effect of actinomycin on ribosome formation in HeLa cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 51, 205-211.

28. Penman, S., Becker, Y. and Darnell, J. E. (1964). A cytoplasmic structure involved in the synthesis and assembly of poliovirus components. J. Mol. Biol. 8, 541-555.

29. Rich, A., Penman, S., Becker, Y., Darnell, J. E. and Hall, C. (1963). Polyribosomes in normal and polio- infected HeLa cells. Science 142,1658-1663.

30. Darnell, J. E., Penman, S., Scherrer, K. and Becker, Y. (1963). A description of various classes of RNA from HeLa cells. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. XXVIII, 211-214.

31. Baltimore, D., Becker, Y., and Darnell, J. E. (1964). Virus-specific double stranded RNA in poliovirus infected cells. Science 143,1034-1036.

32. Darnell, J. E., Penman, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1965). Molecular events in the synthesis of poliovirus in Perspectives in Virology, Vol. IV,16-34.

33. Girard, M., Latham, H., Penman, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1965). Entrance of newly formed messenger RNA and ribosomes into HeLa cell cytoplasm. J. Mol. Biol. 11, 187-201.

34. Latham, H. and Darnell, J. E. (1965). Entrance of mRNA in HeLa cell cytoplasm in puromycin-treated cells. J. Mol. Biol. 14,13-22.

35. Latham, H. and Darnell, J. E. (1965). Distribution of mRNA in the cytoplasmic polyribosomes of HeLa cells. J. Mol. Biol. 14,1-12.

36. Summers, D. F., Maizel, J. E. and Darnell, J. E. (1965). Evidence for virus specific non-capsid proteins in poliovirus infected HeLa cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 54,505-513.

37. Darnell, J. E. (1965). The Biochemistry of Animal Virus Replication. Chap. 9 in Virus and Rickettsial Disease of Man. eds. Horsfall and Tamm, 4th ed., pp. 233-236.

38. Baltimore, D., Girard, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1966). Aspects of the synthesis of poliovirus RNA and the formation of virus particles. Virology 29,179-189.

39. Warner, J. R., Soeiro, R., Birnboim, H. C., Girard, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1966). Rapidly labeled HeLa cell nuclear RNA. 1. Identification by zone sedimentation of a heterogeneous fraction separate ribosomal precursor RNA. J. Mol. Biol. 19, 349-361.

40. Soeiro, R., Birnboim, H. C. and Darnell, J. E. (1966). Rapidly labeled HeLa cell nuclear RNA. II. Base composition and cellular localization of a heterogenous RNA fraction. J. Mol. Biol. 19, 362-372.

41. Warner, J. R., Girard, M., Latham, H. and Darnell, J. E. (1966). Ribosomes formation in HeLa cells in the absence of protein synthesis. J. Mol. Biol. 19, 373-382.

42. Girard, M., Baltimore, D. and Darnell, J. E. (1967). The poliovirus RNA replication complex. J. Mol. Biol. 24, 59-74.

43. Darnell, J. E., Girard, M. , Baltimore, D. and Maizel, J. (1967). Synthesis and translation of poliovirus RNA. Symp. on Molecular Bio. of Viruses, pg. 375-401, Acad. Press, ed. J. Colter. 44. Vaughan, M. H., Warner, J. R. and Darnell, J. E. (1967). Ribosomal precursor particles in the HeLa cell nucleus. J. Mol. Biol. 25, 235-25l.

45. Summers, D. F., Maizel, J. V. and Darnell, J. E. (1967). The decrease in size and synthetic activity of poliovirus polysome late in infectious cycle. Virology 3l, 427-435.

46. Knight, E. and Darnell, J. E. (1967). Distribution of 5S RNA in HeLa cells. J. Mol. Biol. 28, 491-502.

47. Birnboim, H. C., Pene, J. J. and Darnell, J. E. (1967). Studies on HeLa cell nuclear DNA-like RNA by RNA-DNA hybridization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 58, 320-327.

48. Vaughan, M. H., Soeiro, R., Warner, J. R. and Darnell, J. E. (1967). The effects of methionine deprivation on ribosome synthesis in HeLa cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 58,1527-1534.

49. Soeiro, R., Vaughan, M. H. and Darnell, J. E. (1968). The effect of puromycin on intranuclear steps in ribosome biosynthesis. J. Cell Biol. 36, 91-101.

50. Strauss, J. H., Burge, B. W., Pfefferkorn, E. R. and Darnell, J. E. (1968). Identification of the membrane protein and "core" protein of Sindbis virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 59, 533-537.

51. Darnell, J. E. (1968). Considerations in virus-controlled functions. Symp. of Soc. Gen. Micro. No. XVIII, The Mol. Biol. of Viruses, pp. 149-162.

52. Pene, J. J., Knight, E. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1968). Characterization of a new low molecular weight RNA in HeLa cell ribosomes. J. Mol. Biol. 33, 609-623.

53. Soeiro, R., Vaughan, M. H., Warner, J. R. and Darnell, J. E. (1968). The turnover of nuclear DNA-like RNA in HeLa cells. J. Cell Biol. 39, 112-118.

54. Darnell, J. E. (1968). Ribonucleic acids from animal cells. Bact. Rev.32, 262-290.

55. Galper, J. B. and Darnell, J. E. (1969). The presence of n-formyl-methionyl-tRNA in HeLa cell mitochondria. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 34, 205-215.

56. Strauss, J. H., Jr. and Burge, B. W. and Darnell, J. E. (1969). Sindbis virus infection of chick and hamster cells. Virology 37, 367-376.

57. Bernhardt, D. and Darnell, J. E. (1969). tRNA synthesis in HeLa cells: A precursor to tRNA and the effects of methionine starvation on tRNA synthesis. J. Mol. Biol. 42, 43-56.

58. Soeiro, R. and Darnell, J. E. (1969). Competition hybridization by "Presaturation" of HeLa cell DNA. J. Mol. Biol. 42, 551-562.

59. Maden, B.E.H., Vaughan, M. H., Warner, J. R. and Darnell, J. E. (1969). Effects of valine deprivation on ribosome formation in HeLa cells. J. Mol. Biol. 45, 265-275.

60. Darnell, J. E., Maden, B.E.H., Soeiro, R. and Pagoulatos, G. (1969). The relationship of nuclear RNA in HeLa cells in Problems in Biology:RNA in Development. pp. 316-329, ed. E. W. Hanly.

61. Strauss, J. H., Burge, B. W. and Darnell, J. E. (1970). Carbohydrate content of the membrane protein of Sindbis virus. J. Mol. Biol. 47, 437-448.

62. Soeiro, R. and Darnell, J. E. (1970). A comparison between HnRNA and polysomal mRNA in HeLa cells by RNA-DNA hybridization. J. Cell Biol. 44, 467-475.

63. Pagoulatos, G. N. and Darnell, J. E. (1970). A comparison of the heterogenous nuclear RNA of HeLa cells in different periods of the cell growth cycle. J. Cell Biol. 44, 476-483.

64. Lindberg, U. and Darnell, J. E. (1970). SV40 specific RNA in the nucleus and polyribosomes of transformed cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 65,1089-1096.

65. Darnell, J. E. and Balint, R. (1970). The distribution of rapidly hybridizing RNA sequences in heterogenous nuclear RNA and mRNA from HeLa cells. J. Cell. Phys. 76, 349-356.

66. Darnell, J. E., Pagoulatos, G. N., Lindberg, U. and Balint, R. (1970). Studies on the relationship of mRNA heterogenous nuclear RNA in mammalian cells. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. Vol. XXXV, 555-560.

67. Pagoulatos, G. N. and Darnell, J. E. (1970). Fractionation of heterogenous nuclear RNA: Rates of hybridization and chromosomal distribution of reiterated sequences. J. Mol. Bio. 54, 517-535.

68. Galper, J. B. and Darnell, J. E. (1971). Mitochondrial protein synthesis in HeLa cells. J. Mol. Biol. 57, 363-367.

69. Darnell, J. E., Wall, R. and Tushinski, R. J. (1971). An adenylic acid rich sequence in mRNA of HeLa cells and its possible relationship to reiterated sites in DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68, 1321-1325.

70. Wall, R. and Darnell, J. E. (1971). Presence of cell and virus specific sequences in the same molecules of nuclear RNA and virus transformed cells. Nature New Biology 232, 73-76.

71. Harrison, S. C., David, A., Jumblatt, J. and Darnell, J. E. (1971). Lipid and protein organization in Sindbis virus. J. Mol. Biol. 60, 523-528.

72. Darnell, J. E., Philipson, L., Wall, R., Adesnik, M. (1971). Polyadenylic acid sequences: Role in conversion of nuclear RNA into messenger RNA. Science 174,507-5l0.

73. Philipson, L., Wall, R., Glickman, G. and Darnell, J. E. (1971). Addition of polyadenylate sequences to virus-specific RNA during adenovirus replication. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68, 2806-2809.

74. Darnell, J. E., Wall, R., Adesnik, M. and Philipson, L. (1971). The formation of mRNA in HeLa cells by post-transcriptional modification of nuclear RNA. In "Molecular Genetics and Developmental Biology" ed. Prentice Hall. 75. Adesnik, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1972). Biogenesis and characterization of histone messenger RNA in HeLa cells. J. Mol. Biol. 67, 397-406.

76. Adesnik, M., Salditt, M., Thomas, W. and Darnell, J. E. (1972). Evidence that all messenger RNA molecules (except histone messenger RNA) contain poly(A) sequences and that the poly(A) has a nuclear function. J. Mol. Biol. 71, 21-30.

77. Jelinek, W. and Darnell, J. E. (1972). Double-stranded regions in heterogenous nuclear RNA from HeLa cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 60, 2537-2541.

78. Wall, R., Philipson, L. and Darnell, J. E. (1972). Processing of adenovirus specific nuclear RNA during virus replication. Virology 50, 27-34.

79. Sheiness, D. and Darnell, J. E. (1972). The polyadenylic acid segment in mRNA becomes shorter with age. Nature New Biology Vol. 241, 265-268.

80. Jelinek, W., Adesnik, M., Salditt, M., Sheiness, D., Wall, R., Molloy, G., Philipson, L. and Darnell, J. E. (1972). Further evidence on the nuclear origin and transfer to the cytoplasm of poly(A) sequences in mammalian cell RNA. J. Mol. Biol. 75, 5l5-532.

81. Molloy, G. R., Thomas, W. L. and Darnell, J. E. (1972). Occurrence of uridylate-rich oligonucleotide regions in heterogenous nuclear RNA of HeLa cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 69, 3684-3688.

82. Molloy, G. R. and Darnell, J. E. (1973). Characterization of the poly(A) regions and the adjacent nucleotides in heterogenous nuclear ribonucleic acid and messenger ribonucleic acid from HeLa cells. Biochem. 12, 2324-2330.

83. Wall, R., Weber, J., Gage, Z. and Darnell, J. E. (1973). Production of viral mRNA in adenovirus transformed cells by the post-transcriptional processing of heterogenous nuclear RNA containing viral and cell sequences. J. Virol. 11, 953-960.

84. Jelinek, W., Molloy, G. R., Munoz, R. F., Salditt, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1974). Secondary structure in hnRNA: Involvement of regions from repeated DNA sites. J. Mol. Biol. 82, 361-370.

85. Darnell, J. E., Jelinek, W. R., and Molloy, G. R. (1973). Biogenesis of mRNA: Implications for genetic regulation in mammalian cell. Science 181, l215-l221.

86. Jelinek, W., Molloy, G., Salditt, M., Wall, R., Sheiness, D. and DarnellJ. E. (1973). Origin of mRNA in HeLa cells and the implications for chromosome structure. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. XXXVIII, 89l-898.

87. Molloy, G. R., Jelinek, W., Salditt, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1974). Arrangement of specific oligonucleotides within poly(A) terminated hnRNA molecules. Cell 1, 43-53.

88. Darnell, J. E. (1975). The origin of mRNA and the structure of the mammalian chromosome. Harvey Lecture, Series 69, l-47, Acad. Press.

89. Munoz, R. F. and Darnell, J. E. (1974). Poly(A) in mRNA does not contribute to secondary structure necessary for protein synthesis. Cell 2, 247-252. 90. Darnell, J. E. (1974). The structure and regulation of eukaryotic genomes approached by studying hnRNA. In: Eukaryotic Chromosome, ed. R. D. Brock, Australian Nat'l. Univ.Press.

91. Georgieff, M., Bachenheimer, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1974). An examination of the nuclear RNA of adenovirus-transformed cells. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. XXXlV, 475-482.

92. Derman, E. and Darnell, J. E. (1974). Relationship of chain transcription to poly(A) addition and processing of hnRNA in HeLa cells. Cell 3, 255-264.

93. Puckett, L., Chambers, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1975). Short-lived messenger RNA in HeLa cells and its impact on the kinetics of accumulation of cytoplasmic polyadenylate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 389- 393.

94. Sheiness, D., Puckett, L. and Darnell, J. E. (1975). Possible relationship of poly(A) shortening to mRNA turnover. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72,1077-l081.

95. Hoffman, P. R. and Darnell, J. E. (1975). Differential accumulation of virus-specific RNA during the cell cycle of adenovirus-transformed rat embryo cells. J.Virol. 15, 806-811.

96. Furuichi, Y., Morgan, M., Shatkin, A. J., Jelinek, W., Salditt-Georgieff,M. and Darnell, J. E. (1975). Methylated, blocked 5 ' termini in HeLa cell mRNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 1904-1908.

97. Darnell, J. E., Jelinek, W., Puckett, L., Derman, E. and Bachenheimer, S. (1976). Biochemical events in mRNA formation in mammalian cells. The Molecular Biology of Hormone Action, 34th Symp. of the Soc. for Dev. Bio. 53-74, Acad. Press.

98. Bachenheimer, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1975). Adenovirus-2 mRNA is transcribed as part of a high molecular weight precursor RNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 4445-4449.

99. Salditt-Georgieff, M., Jelinek, W., Darnell, J. E., Furuichi, H., Morgan, M. and Shatkin, A. J. (1976). Methyl labeling of HeLa cell HnRNA: A comparison with mRNA. Cell 7, 227-237.

100. Sommer, S., Salditt-Georgieff, M., Bachenheimer, S., Furuichi, Y., Morgan, M. and Shatkin, A. (1976). The methylation of adenovirus-specific nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA. Nucl. Acids Res. 3, 749-766.

101. Puckett, L. and Darnell, J. E. (1977). Essential factors in the kinetic analysis of RNA synthesis in HeLa cells. J. Cell. Phys. 90, 521-534.

102. Fernandez-Munoz, R. and Darnell, J. E. (1976). Structural differences between the 5 termini of viral and cellular mRNA in poliovirus-infected cells: Possible basis for the inhibition of host protein synthesis. J. Virol. 126, 719-726.

103. Bachenheimer, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1976). Hybridization of mRNA from adenovirus-transformed cells to segments of the adenovirus genome. J. Virol. 19, 286-289.

104. Schwartz, H. and Darnell, J. E. (1976). The association of protein with the polyadenylic acid of HeLa cell messenger RNA. Evidence for a"transport" role of 75,000 molecular weight RNA polypeptide. J. Mol. Biol. 104, 833-85l.

105. Derman, E., Goldberg, S. and Darnell, J. E. (1976). hnRNA in HeLa cells: Distribution of transcript sizes estimated from nascent molecule profile. Cell 9, 4676-472.

106. Sehgal, P. G., Derman, E., Molloy, G. R., Tamm, I. and Darnell, J. E. (1976). 5,6- Dichloro-l-b-D- ribofuranosylbenzimidazole inhibits initiation of nuclear heterogenous RNA chains in HeLa cells. Science 94, 43l-433.

107. Sehgal, G. P., Darnell, J. E. and Tamm, I. (1976). The inhbition by DRB(5,6-Dichloro-l-b-D- ribofuranosylbenzimidazole of hnRNA and mRNA production in HeLa cells. Cell 9, 473-480.

108. Darnell, J. E. (1976). Educating scientists and the public for new developments in medical science. Seminar Reports 4, 20-30, Columbia Univ.

109. Darnell, J. E. (1976). mRNA structure and function. Progress in Nucleic Acid and Molecular Biology 19, 493-5ll.

110. Weber, J., Jelinek, W., and Darnell, J. E. (1977). The definition of a large viral transcription unit late in Ad2 infection of HeLa cells: Mapping of nascent RNA molecules labeled in isolated nuclei. Cell 10, 6ll-6l6.

111. Goldberg, S., Weber, J. and Darnell, J. E. (1977). The definition of a large viral transcription unit late in Ad2 infection of HeLa cells: Mapping by effects of ultraviolet irradiation. Cell 10, 6l7-621.

112. Sawicki, S., Jelinek, W. and Darnell, J. E. (1977). 3' terminal addition to HeLa cell nuclear and cytoplasmic poly(A). J. Mol. Biol. 113, 219-235.

113. Lavi, U., Fernandez-Munoz, R. and Darnell, J. E. (1977). Content of N-6 methyl adenylic acid in heterogenous nuclear and of HeLa cells. Nucl. Acids. Res. 4, 63-69.

114. Darnell, J. E., Weber, J., Goldberg, S., Jelinek, W., Fraser, N. and Sehgal, P. (1977). The importance of transcription unit definition in genetics manipulations as it affects the cancer problem, pg. 197-2l5.

115. Darnell, J. E. (1977). Gene regulation in mammalian cells. Some problems and the prospects for their solution. Cell Differentiation and Neoplasia, ed. G. F. Saunders, Raven Press, N.Y., pp. 347-359.

116. Evans, R., Fraser, N., Ziff, E., Weber, J. and Darnell, J. E. (1977). The initiation sites for RNA transcription in Ad2 DNA. Cell 12, 733-740.

117. Darnell, J. E., Evans, R., Fraser, N., Goldberg, S., Nevins, J. (1977). The definition of transcripion units for mRNA. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Bio. XLII, 515-522.

118. Munoz, R.-F., Lavi, U., and Darnell, J. E. (1977). 5' caps in hnRNA: Absence of m32'2'7G and size distribution of capped molecules. Nucl. Acids Res. 4, 3357-3369.

119. Wilson, M. C., Sawicki, S., Salditt-Georgieff, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1979). Adenovirus type 2 mRNA in transformed cells: New positions and differences in transport time. J. Virol. 25, 97-l03.

120. Goldberg, S., Schwartz, H. and Darnell, J. E. (1977). Evidence from UV transcription mapping in HeLa cells that heterogenous nuclear RNA is the messenger RNA precursor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 4520-4523.

121. Goldberg, S., Nevins, J. and Darnell, J. E. (1978). Evidence from UV transcription mapping that late adenovirus type 2 mRNA is derived from a large precursor molecule. J. Virol. 25, 806-810.

122. Nevins, J. and Darnell, J. E. (1978). Groups of adenovirus type 2 mRNAs derived from a large primary transcript: probable nuclear origin and possible common 3' ends. J. Virol. 25, 811-823.

123. Fraser, N. W., Sehgal, P. B. and Darnell, J. E. (1978). DRB-induced termination of late adenovirus transcription. Nature 272, 590-593.

124. Darnell, J. E. (1979). Transcription units for mRNA production eukaryotic cells and their DNA viruses. Prog. in Nucl. Acids Res. and Mol. Biol. 22, 327-353.

125. Jelinek, W., Evans, R., Wilson, M., Salditt-Georgieff, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1978). Oligonucleotides in heterogenous nuclear RNA: Similarity of inverted repeats and RNA from repetitious DNA sites. Biochem. 17, 2776-2783.

126. Wilson, M. C., Sawicki, S. G., White, P. A. and Darnell, J. E. (1978). A correlation between the rate of poly(A) shortening and half-life of messenger RNA in adenovirus transformed cells. J. Mol. Biol. 126, 23- 26.

127. Sommer, S., Lavi, U. and Darnell, J. E. (1978). The absolute frequency of labeled N-6-methyladenosine in HeLa cell messenger RNA decreases with label time. J. Mol. Biol. 124, 487-499.

128. Darnell, J. E.. (1978). Implications of RNA.RNA splicing in evolution of eukaryotic cells. Science 202, 1257-l260.

129. Nevins, J. R. and Darnell, J. E. (1978). Steps in the processing of Ad2 mRNA: Poly(A)+nuclear sequences are conserved and poly(A) addition precedes splicing. Cell 15, l477-l493.

130. Blanchard, J.-M., Weber, J., Jelinek, W. and Darnell, J. E. (1978). In vitro RNA.RNA splicing in adenovirus 2 mRNA formation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75, 5344-5348.

131. Wilson, M. C., Fraser, N. W. and Darnell, J. E. (1979). Early Ad2 transcription units: Only promoter- proximal RNA continues to be made in the presence of DRB. Virology 94, l85-19l.

132. Sehgal, P. B., Fraser, N. and Darnell, J. E. (1979). Early Ad-2 transcription units: Only promoter-proximal RNA continues to be made in the presence of DRB. Virology 94, l85-19l.

133. Evans, R., Weber, J., Ziff, E. and Darnell, J. E. (1979). Premature termination during adenovirus transcription. Nature 278, 367-370.

134. Fraser, N. W., Nevins, J. R., Ziff, E. and Darnell, J. E. (1979). The major late adenovirus type 2- transcription unit: Termination is downstream from the last poly(A)site. J. Mol. Biol. 129, 643-656.

135. Fraser, N. W., Sehgal, P. B. and Darnell, J. E. (1979). Multiple discrete sites for premature RNA chain termination late in adenovirus-infection: Enhancement by 5,6-dichloro-1-b-D-ribofuranosylbenzimazole. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 257l-2575.

136. Soreq, H., Harpold, M., Evans, R., Darnell, J. E. and Bancroft, F. C. (1979). Rat growth hormone gene: interverning sequences separate the mRNA regions. Nucl. Acids. Res. 6, 247l-2482.

137. Harpold, M. M., Dobner, P. R., Evans, R., Bancroft, F. C. and Darnell, J. E. (1979). The synthesis and processing of a nuclear RNA precursor to rat pregrowth hormone messenger RNA. Nucl. Acids. Res. 6, 3l33-3l4l.

138. Harpold, M. M., Evans, R. M., Salditt-Georgieff, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1979). Production of mRNA in Chinese hamster cells: Relationship of rate of synthesis to the cytoplasmic concentration of nine specific mRNA sequences. Cell 17, l025-l035.

139. Chen-Kiang, S., Nevins, J. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1979). N-6 methyl-adenosine in adenovirus type 2 nuclear RNA is conserved in the formation of messenger RNA. J. Mol. Biol. 134, 733-752.

140. Weber, J., Blanchard, J.-M., Ginsberg, H. S. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1980). Order of polyadenylic acid addition and splicing events in early adenovirus mRNA formation. J. Virol. 33, 286-29l.

141. Nevins, J. R., Ginsberg, H. S., Blanchard, J.-M., Wilson, M. C. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1979). Regulation of the primary expression of the early adenovirus transcription units. J. Virol. 32,727-733.

142. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1980). Steps in processing of mRNA: Implication for gene regulation. From Gene to Protein: Information Transfer in Normal and Abnormal Cells. eds. Russell, T.R., Brew, K., Faber, H. and Schultz, J., Acad. Press, pp. 207-228.

143. Wilson, M. C., Nevins, J. R., Blanchard, J.-M., Ginsberg, H. S. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1980). The metabolism of mRNA from the transforming region of adenovirus type 2. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. XLIV, pgs. 447-455.

144. Salditt-Georgieff, M., Harpold, M., Chen-Kiang, S. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1980). The addition of 5' cap structures occurs early in hnRNA synthesis and prematurely terminated molecules are capped. Cell 19, 69-78. 145. Tamm, I., Kiku, T., Darnell, J. E. and Salditt-Georgieff, M. (1980). Short capped hnRNA precursor chains in HeLa cells: Continued synthesis in presence of 5, 6-dichloro-l-b-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole. Biochem. 19, 2743-2748.

146. Soreq, H., Harpold, M., Wilson, M. and Darnell, J. E. (1980). Rate of synthesis and concentration of specific mRNA sequences in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells compared to liver cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 92, 485-491.

147. Darnell, J. E., Jr., Ziff, E., Nevins, J. R. and Wilson, M. (1980). Variety in the mechanisms of adenovirus gene control. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 254, 466-471.

148. Salditt-Georgieff, M., Harpold, M., Sawicki, S., Nevins, J. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1980). Addition of poly(A) to nuclear RNA occurs soon after RNA synthesis. J. Cell Biol. 86, 844-848.

149. Babich, A., Nevins, J. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1980). Early capping of transcripts from the adenovirus major late transcription unit. Nature 287, 246-248.

150. Nevins, J. R., Blanchard, J.-M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1980). Transcription units of adenovirus type 2: termination of transcription beyond the poly(A) addition site in early regions 2 and 4. J. Mol. Biol. 14, 377- 386.

151. Salditt-Georgieff, M., Harpold, M., Wilson, M. and Darnell, J. E. (198l). Late hnRNA has three times as many 5' caps as poly(A) segments and most caps do not enter polyribosomes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1, 179- 187.

152. Harpold, M., Wilson, M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1981). Chinese hamster poly(A)+ mRNA: Relationship to poly(A)- sequences and relative conservation during mRNA processing. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1, 188-198.

153. Hofer, E., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1981). The primary transcription unit of the mouse major globin gene. Cell 23, 585-593.

154. Derman, E., Krauter, K., Walling, L., Weinberger, C., Ray, M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1981). Transcriptional control in the production of liver-specific mRNAs. Cell 23, 731-739.

155. Wilson, M. C., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1981). Control of mRNA concentration by differential cytoplasmic half-life: Adenovirus mRNAs from transcription units 1A and 1B. J. Mol. Biol. 148, 213-251.

156. Darnell, J. E., Jr., Wilson, M., Nevins, J. R. and Ziff, E. (1981). Differential transcription and differential stability of mRNA: Both play a role in adenovirus gene control. In Role of RNA in Development and Reproduction, 2nd International Symp. M. C. Niu and H. H. Chuang, eds., pp. 158-168.

157. Darnell, J. E., Jr., Wilson, M., Nevins, J. R. and Ziff, E. (1981). Adenovirus mRNA production is controlled both by differential transcription and differential stability of mRNA. Proceedings of Juselius Symp. "Expression of Eukaryotic Viral and Cellular Genes" (Acad. Press, N. Y. ), pp. 119-26.

158. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1982). "Variation in gene control" in Hoechst-Rousell eds., E. Winnacker and H. H. Schoene, Raven Press, N. Y. , pp.11-17.

159. Zeevi, M., Nevins, J. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1981). Nuclear RNA is spliced in the absence of poly(A) addition. Cell 26, 39-46.

160. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1981). "Do features of present-day eukaryotic genomes reflect ancient sequence arrangements?" In Evolution Today, Evol. Biol., eds. G. G. E. Scudder and J. L. Reveal (Hunt Inst. for Botanical Documentation, Pittsburgh, Pa.), pp. 207-213.

161. Zeevi, M., Nevins, J. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1982). Newly formed mRNA lacking polyadenylic acid enters the cytoplasm and the polyribosomes but has a shorter half-life in the absence of polyadenylic acid. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2, 517-525.

162. Chen-Kiang, S., Wolgemuth, D. J., Hsu, M.-T. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1982). Transcription and accurate polyadenylation in vitro of RNA from the major late adenovirus 2 transcription unit. Cell 28, 575-584.

163. Salditt-Georgieff, M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1982). Further evidence that the majority of primary nuclear RNA transcripts in mammalian cells do not contribute to mRNA. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2, 70l-707.

164. Krauter, K., Leinwand, L., D'Eustachio, P., Ruddle, F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1982). Structural genes of the mouse major urinary protein are on chromosome 4. J. Cell Biol. 94, 414-417.

165. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1982). Variety in the level of gene control in eukaryotic cells. Nature 297 365-371.

166. Hofer, E., Hofer-Warbinek, R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1982). Globin RNA transcription: A possible termination site and demonstration of transcriptional control correlated with altered chromatin structure. Cell 29, 887-893.

167. Darnell, J. E., Jr. Nevins, J. R., and Zeevi, M. (1982). "The role of poly(A) in mammalian gene expression", pp. 161-166. In Gene Regulation, UCLA Symp. on Molecular and Cell. Biol. Vol. XXVI, ed. Bert W. O'Malley, Acad. Press, N. Y.

168. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1983). "Summary Speech", pp. 313-317 in Perspectives on Genes and the Molecular Biology of Cancer, 35th Ann. Symp. on Fundamental Cancer Res. (Raven Press, N. Y. ).

169. Cross, F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1983). Cycloheximide stimulates early adenovirus transcription if early gene expression is allowed before treatment. J. Virol. 45, 685-693.

170. Babich, A., Feldman, L. T., Nevins, J. R., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Weinberger, C. (1983). The effect of adenovirus on the metabolism of specific host mRNAs: Transport control and specific translational discrimination. Mol. Cell. Biol. 3, 1212-1221.

171. Salditt-Georgieff, M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1983). A precise termination site in the mouse b-major globin transcription unit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 4694-4698.

172. Clayton, D. F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1983). Changes in liver-specific compared to common gene transcription during primary culture of mouse hepatocytes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 3,1552-156l.

173. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1983). The processing of RNA. Sci. Amer. 249, 90-l00.

174. Salditt-Georgieff, M., Sheffrey, M., Krauter, K., Darnell, J. E., Rifkind, R. and Marks, P. A. 1984). Induced transcription of the mouse b-globin transcription unit in erythroleukemia cels: Time course of induction and of changes in chromatin structure. J. Mol. Biol. 172,437-450.

175. Darnell, J. E., Salditt-Georgieff, M., Clayton, D. F., Krauter, K. S., Citron, B. A., Powell, D. J and Hofer, E. (1984). Transcriptional control of b-globin and liver-specific genes in mouse cells. In: Transfer and Expression of Eukaryotic Genes, eds. H. S. Ginsberg and H. J. Vogel, Acad. Press.

176. Powell, D. J., Friedman, J. Oulette, A. J., Krauter, K. S. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1984). Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of specific messenger RNAs in adult and embryonic liver. J. Mol. Biol. 179, 2l- 35.

177. Friedman, J. M., Cheng, E.-Y. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1984). Gene expression during liver regeneration. J. Mol. Biol. 179, 37-53.

178. Jefferson, D. M., Clayton, D. F., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Reid, L. M. (1984). Post-transcriptional modulation of gene expression in cultured rat hepatocytes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 4, 1929-1934. 179. Larner, A. C., Jonak, G., Cheng, Y.-S. E., Korant, B., Knight, E. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1984). Transcriptional induction of two genes in human cells by b interferon. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 6733-6737.

180. Citron, B., Falck-Pedersen, E., Salditt-Georgieff, M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1984). Transcriptional termination occurs within a 1000 base pair region downstream from the poly(A) site of the mouse b-globin (major) gene. Nucl. Acids Res. 12, 8723-8731.

181. Falck-Pedersen, E., Logan, J., Shenk, T. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1985). Transcription termination within the E1A gene of adenovirus induced by insertion of the mouse-b-major globin terminator element. Cell 40, 897-905.

182. Clayton, D. F., Harrelson, A. L. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1985). Dependence of liver-specific transcription on tissue organization. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5, 2623-2632.

183. Clayton, D. F., Weiss, M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1985). Liver-specific RNA metabolism in hepatoma cells: Variations in transcription rates and mRNA levels. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5, 2633-2641.

184. Larner, A. C., Chaudhuri, A. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). Transcriptional induction by interferon: New protein(s) determine the extent and length of the induction. J. Biol. Chem. 261, 453-459.

185. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1985). RNA. Sci. Amer. 253, 68-78.

186. Babiss, L. E., Ginsberg, H. S. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1985). Adenovirus E1B proteins are required for accumulation of late viral mRNA and for effects on cellular mRNA translation and transport. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5, 2552-2558.

187. Citron, B. A. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1985). Mapping a mammalian mRNA cap site by restriction digestion of hybridized cDNA. Gene 40, 131-135.

188. Krauter, K. S., Citron, B. A., Hsu, M.-T., Powell, D. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). Isolation and characterization of a1-antitrypsin gene of mice. DNA 5, 29-36.

189. Darnell, J. E. and Doolittle, W. F. (1986). Speculations on the early course of evolution.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 1271-l275.

190. Darnell, J. E., Jr. Clayton, D. F., Friedman, J. M. and Powell, D. J. (1985). Notes on tissue-specific gene control. Bristol Myers Symp., ed. P. Marks, Acad. Press, Inc. pp.119-124.

191. Darnell, J. E. (1985). Considerations on the Basis for Tissue-Specificity. Reprinted from Proceedings of the Robert A. Welch Foundation Confs. on Chem. Res. XXIV. Genetic Chemistry: The Molecular Basis of Heredity, pp. 301-308.

192. Friedman, J. M., Babiss, L. E., Clayton, D. F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). Cellular promoters incorporated into the adenovirus genome: Cell specificity of albumin and immunoglobulin expression. Mol.Cell. Biol. 6, 379l-3797.

193. Babiss, L. E., Friedman, J. M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). Cellular promoters incorporated into the adenovirus genome: Effects of viral regulatory elements on transcription rates and cell specificity of albumin and b-globin promoters. Mol. Cell. Biol. 6, 3798-3806.

194. Falck-Pedersen, E., Logan, J., Shenk, T., Galli, G. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). Adenovirus as a model for transcription-termination studies. Cancer Cells/4 DNA Tumor Viruses, pp. 267-273 (Cold Spring Harbor Lab.).

195. Iwamoto, S., Eggerding, F., Falck-Pederson, E., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). Transcription unit mapping in adenovirus: Regions of termination. J. Virol. 59, ll2-l19.

196. Babiss, L. E., Bennett, A., Friedman, J. M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). DNase I-hypersensitive sites in the 5'-flanking region of the rat serum albumin gene: Correlation between chromatin structure and transcriptional activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 6504-6508.

197. Costa, R. H., Lai, E. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). Transcriptional control of the mouse prealbumin (transthyretin) gene: Both promoter sequences and a distinct enhancer are cell specific. Mol. Cell. Biol. 6, 4697-4708.

198. Levy, D., Larner, A., Chaudhuri, A., Babiss, L. E., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1986). Interferon-stimulated transcription: Isolation of an inducible gene and identification of its regulatory region. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 8929-8933. 199. Babiss, L. E., Friedman, J. M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1987). Cellular promoters incorporated into the adenovirus genome. Effect of viral DNA replication on endogenous and exogenous gene transcription. J. Mol. Biol. 193, 643-650.

200. Babiss, L. E., Herbst, R. S., Bennett, A. L. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1987). Factors that interact with the rat albumin promoter are present both in hepatocytes and other cell types. Genes & Devel. 1, 256-276.

201. Friedman, J. M., Babiss, L. E., Weiss, M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1987). Hepatoma variants (C2) are defective for transcriptional and posttranscriptional actions from both endogenous and viral genomes. EMBO J. 6, l727-l73l.

202. Bennett, A L., Paulson, K. E., Miller, R. E. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1987). Acquisition of antigens characteristic of adult pericentral hepatocytes by differentiating fetal hepatoblasts in vitro. J. Cell Biol. 105, l073-l085.

203. Isom, H., Georgoff, I., Salditt-Georgieff, M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1987). Persistence of liver-specific messenger RNA in cultured hepatocytes: Different regulatory events for different genes. J. Cell Biol. 105, 2877-2885.

204. Reich, N., Evans, B., Levy, D., Fahey, D., Knight, E., Jr. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1987). Interferon-induced transcription of a gene encoding a l5-kDa protein depends on an upstream enhancer element. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 6394-6398.

205. Logan, J., Falck-Pedersen, E., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Shenk, T. (1987). A poly(A) addition site and a downstream termination region are required for efficient cessation of transcription by RNA polymerase II in the mouse b maj-globin gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 8306-83l0.

206. Reich, N., Pine, R., Levy, D. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). Transcription of interferon-stimulated genes is induced by adenovirus particles but is suppressed by E1A gene products. J. Virol. 62, 114-119. 207. Costa, R. H., Lai, E., Grayson, D. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). The cell-specific enhancer of the mouse transthyretin (prealbumin) gene binds a common factor at one site and liver-specific factor(s) at two other sites. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8, 81-90.

208. Grayson, D. R., Costa, R. H., Xanthopoulos, K. G., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). A cell-specific enhancer of the mouse a1-antitrypsin gene has multiple functional regions and corresponding protein-binding sites. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8, 1055-1066.

209. Grayson, D. R., Costa, R. H., Xanthopoulos, K. G. and Darnell, J. E. (1988). One factor recognizes the liver-specific enhancers in a1-antitrypsin and transthyretin genes. Science 239,786-788.

210. Costa, R. H., Grayson, D. R., Xanthopoulos, K. G., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). A liver-specific DNA binding protein recognizes multiple nucleotide sites in regulatory regions of transthyretin, al-antitrypsin, albumin and simian virus 40 genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 3840-3844.

211. Levy, D. E., Kessler, D. S., Pine, R., Reich, N., and Darnell, J. E. Jr. (1988). Interferon-induced nuclear factors that bind a shared promoter element correlate with positive and negative transcriptional control. Genes & Devel. 2, 383-393.

212. Pine, R., Levy, D. E., Reich, N. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). Transcriptional stimulation by CaPO4--DNA precipitates. Nucl. Acids Res. l6, 1371-1378.

213. Kuo, C. S., Paulson, K. E., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). Positional and developmental regulation of glutamine synthetase expression in mouse liver. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8, 4966-4971.

214. Kessler, D. S., Pine, R., Pfeffer, L. M., Levy, D. E., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). Cells resistant to interferon are defective in activation of a promoter-binding factor. EMBO J. 7, 3779-3783.

215. Kessler, D. S., Levy, D. E., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). Two interferon-induced nuclear factors bind a single promoter element in interferon-stimulated genes. Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA 85, 8521-8525.

216. Vales, L. D. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1989). Promoter occlusion prevents transcription of adenovirus polypeptide IX mRNA until after DNA replication. Genes & Devel. 3, 49-59.

217. Levy, D., Reich, N., Kessler, D., Pine, R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1988). Transcriptional regulation of interferon-stimulated genes: A DNA response element and induced proteins that recognize it. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. LIII, 799-802.

218. Costa, R. H., Grayson, D. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1989). Multiple hepatocyte-enriched nuclear factors function in the regulation of transthyretin and alpha-1 antitrypsin genes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9, 1415-1425.

219. Reich, N. C. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1989). Differential binding of interferon-induced factors to an oligonucleotide that mediates transcriptional activation. Nucl. Acids Res. 17, 3415-3424.

220. Xanthopoulos, K. G., Mirkovitch, J., Decker, T., Kuo, C. F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1989). Cell-specific transcriptional control of the mouse DNA binding protein mC/EBP. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 4117- 4121.

221. Pine, R. and Darnell, J. E. (1989). In vivo evidence of interaction between interferon-stimulated gene factors and the interferon-stimulated response element. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9, 3533-3537.

222. Herbst, R. S., Friedman, N., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Babiss, L. E. (1989). Positive and negative regulatory elements in the mouse albumin enhancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 1553-1557.

223. Xanthopoulos, K. G., Mirkovitch, J., Friedman, J. M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1989). The mouse Cebp gene encoding a DNA-binding protein is polymorphic and is located on chromosome 7. Cyto. Cell Gen. 50, 174-175.

224. Decker, T. Lew, D. J., Cheng, Y.-S.E., Levy, D. E. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1989). Interactions of a and g interferon in the transcriptional regulation of the gene encoding a guanylate-binding protein. EMBO J. 8, 2009-2014.

225. Kuo, C. F. and Darnell, J. E. (1989). Mouse glutamine synthetase is encoded by a single gene that can be expressed in a localized fashion. J. Mol. Biol. 208, 45-56.

226. Levy, D. E., Kessler, D. S., Pine, R., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1989). Cytoplasmic activation of ISGF3, the positive regulator of interferon-alpha-stimulated transcription, reconstituted in vitro. Genes & Devel. 3, 1362-1371.

227. Lew, D. E., Decker, T. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1989). Alpha interferon and gamma interferon stimulate transcription of a single gene through different signal transduction pathways. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9, 5404- 5411.

228. Yan, C., Costa, R. H., Darnell, J. E., Jr., Chen, J. and Van Dyke, T. A. (1990). Distinct positive and negative element control the limited hepatocyte and choroid plexus expression of transthyretin in transgenic mice. EMBO J. 9, 869-878.

229. Paulson, K. E., Darnell, J. E., Jr., Rushmore, T. and Pickett, C. B. (1990). Analysis of the upstream elements of the Xenobiotic compound-inducible and positionally regulated glutathione S-transferase Ya gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 1841-1852.

230. Levy, D. E., Lew, D. J., Decker, T., Kessler, D. S. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1990). Synergistic interaction between interferon-a and interferon-g through induced synthesis of one subunit of the transcription factor ISGF3. EMBO J. 9, 1105-1111.

231. Kuo, C. F., Xanthopoulos, K. G. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1990). Fetal and adult localization of C/EBP: evidence for combinatorial action of transcription factors in cell-specific gene expression. Development l09, 473-481.

232. Pine, R. P., Decker, T., Kessler, D. S., Levy, D. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1990). Purification and cloning of interferon-stimulated gene factor 2 (ISGF2): ISGF2 (IRF-1) can bind to the promoters of both beta interferon and interferon-stimulated genes but is not a primary transcriptional factor of either. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 2448-2457.

233. Costa, R. H., Van Dyke, T. A., Yan, C., Kuo, F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1990). Similarities in transthyretin gene expression and differences in transcription factors: Liver and yolk sac compared to choroid plexus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 6589-6593.

234. Lai, E., Prezioso, V. R., Smith, E., Litvin, O., Costa, R. H. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1990). HNF-3A, a hepatocyte-enriched transcription factor of novel structure is regulated transcriptionally. Genes & Devel. 4, 1427-1436.

235. Herbst, R. S., Boczko, E. M., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Babiss, L. E. (1990). The mouse albumin enhancer contains a negative regulatory element that interacts with a novel DNA-binding protein. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 3896-3905.

236. Levy, D. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1990). Interferon-dependent transcriptional activation: Signal transduction without second messenger involvement? New Biologist 2, 923-928.

237. Fu, X., Kessler, D. S., Veals, S. A., Levy, D. E. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1990). ISGF3, the transcriptional activator induced by interferon a, consists of multiple interacting polypeptide chains. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 8555-8559.

238. Sladek, F. M., Zhong, W., Lai, E. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1990). Liver-enriched transcription factor HNF-4 is a novel member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. Genes & Devel. 4, 2353-2365.

239. Mirkovitch, J. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). Rapid in vivo footprinting technique identified proteins bound to the TTR gene in the mouse liver. Genes & Devel. 5, 83-93.

240. Decker, T., Lew, D., Mirkovitch, J. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). Cytoplasmic activation of GAF. IFN-g regulated DNA binding factor. EMBO J. 10, 927-932.

241. Lew, D., Decker, T., Strehlow, I. and Darnell, J. E. (1991). Overlapping elements in the GBP gene promoter mediate transcriptional induction by alpha and gamma interferon. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 182-191.

242. Lai, E., Prezioso, V. R., Tao, W., Chen, W. S. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). Hepatocyte nuclear factor 3a belongs to a gene family in mammals that is homologous to the Drosophila homeotic gene forkhead. Genes & Devel. 5, 416-427.

243. Xanthopoulos, K. G., Prezioso, V. R., Chen, W. S., Sladek, F. M., Cortese, R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). The different tissue transcription patterns of genes for HNF-2, C/EBP, HNF-3 and HNF-4, protein factors that govern liver-specific transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 3807-3811.

244. Herbst, R. S., Nielsch, U., Sladek, F., Lai, E., Babiss, L. E. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). Differential regulation of hepatocyte-enriched transcription factors explains changes in albumin and transthyretin gene expression among hepatoma cells. New Biologist 3, 289-296.

245. Kuo, F., Hwu, H. L., Valle, D. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). Co-localization in pericentral hepatocytes in adult mice and similarity in developmental expression pattern of ornithine aminotransferase and glutamine synthetase mRNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 9467-9472.

246. Kuo, F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). Evidence that interaction of hepatocytes with the collecing (hepatic) veins triggers position-specific transcription of glutamine synthetase and ornithine aminotransferase genes in the mouse liver. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 6050-6058.

247. Mirkovitch, J., Decker, T. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1992). Interferon induction of gene transcription analyzed by in vivo footprinting. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 1-9.

248. Lai, E., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). Transcriptional control in hepatocytes: A window on development. TIBS 16, 427-429.

249. Decker, T., Lew, D. J. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1991). Two distinct alpha-interferon-dependent signal transduction pathways may contribute to activation of transcription of the guanylate-binding protein gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 5147-5153.

250. Tonjes, R. R., Xanthopoulos, K. G., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Paul. D. (1992). Transcriptional control in hepatocytes of normal and C14 Cos albino deletion mice. EMBO J. 11,127-133.

251. Kuo, C. J., Conley, P. B., Chen, L., Sladek, F. M., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Crabtree, G. R. (1992). A transcriptional hierarchy involved in cell-type specification is selectively inhibited by extinguishing loci. Nature 355, 458-460.

252. Sladek, F. M., and Darnell, J. E. (1992). Mechanisms of liver-specific gene expression. Current Opinions in Gen. & Devel. 2, 256-259.

253. Mietus-Snyder, M., Sladek, F. M., Ginsburg, G.S., Kuo, C.F., Ladias, J.A.A., Darnell, J.E., Jr., and Karanthanasis, S.K. (1992). Antagonism between apolipoprotein A1 regulatory protein 1, Ear3/COUP-TF, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 modulates apolipoprotein CIII gene expression in liver and intestinal cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 1708-1718.

253a. Avraham, K. B., Prezioso, V. R., Chen, W. S., Lai, E., Sladek, F. M., Zhong, W., Darnell, J. E., Jr., Jenkins, N. A. and Copeland, N. G. (1992). Mouse chromosomal location of four hepatocyte-specific transcription factors: HNF-3a, HNF-3b, HNF-3g and HNF-4. Genomics 13, 264-268.

254. Schindler, C., Fu, X.-Y., Improta, T., Aebersold, R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1992). Proteins of transcription factor ISGF-3: One gene encodes the 91 and 84 kDa ISGF-3 proteins that are activated by interferon-a. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 7836-7839.

255. Fu, X.-Y., Schindler, C., Improta, T., Aebersold, R. and Darnell, J. E. (1992). The proteins of ISGF-3: the interferon a-induced transcriptional activator, define a gene family involved in signal transduction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 7840-7843.

256. Schindler, C., Shuai, K., Prezioso, V. R., Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1992). Interferon-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of a latent cytoplasmic transcription factor. Science 257, 809-813.

257. Veals, S. A., Schindler, C., Leonard, D., Fu, X.-Y., Aebersold, R., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Levy, D. E. (1992). Subunit of an alpha-interferon-responsive transcription factor is related to interferon regulatory factor and Myb families of DNA-binding protein. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 33l5-3324.

258. Xanthopoulos, K. G., Cannon, P. D., Robinson, G. S., Mirkovitch, J. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1992). Transiently and stably introduced CCAAT/enhancer-binding-protein genes are constitutively expressed in cultured cells. Eur. J. Biochem. 208, 501-509.

259. Mirkovitch, J. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1992). The mapping of RNA polymerase on mammalian genes in cells and nuclei. Mol. Biol. of the Cell 3, 1085-1094.

260. Shuai, K., Schindler, C., Prezioso, V. R., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1992). Activation of transcription by IFN-g: tyrosine phosphorylation of a 91 kD DNA binding protein. Science 258, 1808-1812.

261. Zhong, W., Sladek, F. M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1993). The expression pattern of a Drosophila homolog to the mouse transcription factor HNF-4 suggests a determinative role in gut formation. EMBO J. 12, 537-544.

262. Pearse, R. N., Feinman, R., Shuai, K., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Ravetch, J. V. (1993). Interferon g-induced transcription of the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgG requires assembly of a complex that includes the 91- dKa subunit of transcription factor ISGF3. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 4314-4318. 263. Kanno, Y., Kozak, C. A., Schindler, C., Driggers, P. H., Ennist, D. L., Gleason, S. L., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Ozato, K. (1993). The genomic structure of the murine ICSBP gene reveals the presence of the nterferon- g responsive element to which an ISGF3a subunit (or like) molecule binds. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 39513963.

264. Khan, K. D., Shuai, K., Lindwall, G., Maher, S. E., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Bothwell, A. L. M. (1993). Induction of the Ly-6A/E gene by both interferon a/b and g requires a DNA element to which a tyrosine phosphorylated 91 kDa protein binds. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 6806-6810. 265. Müller, M., Laxton, C., Briscoe, J., Schindler, C., Improta, T., Darnell, J. E., Jr., Stark, G. R. and Kerr, I. M. (1993). Complementation of a mutant cell line: Central role of the 91-kDa polypeptide of ISGF3 in the interferon-a and -g signal transduction pathway. EMBO J. 12, 4221-4228.

266. Shuai, K., Stark, G. R., Kerr, I. M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1993). A single phosphotyrosine residue of Stat91 required for gene activation by Interferon-g. Science 261, 1744-1746 .

267. Sadowski, H. B., Shuai, K., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Gilman, M. Z. (1993). A common nuclear signal transduction pathway activated by growth factor and cytokine receptors. Science 261, 1739-1744.

268. Ruiz i Altaba, A., Prezioso, V. R., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Jessell, T. M. (1993). Sequential expression of the transcription factors HNF-3a and HNF-3b by embryonic organizing centers: Hensen's node, the notochord and floor plate. Mechanisms of Development 44, 91-108.

269. Shuai, K., Ziemiecki, A., Wilks, A. F., Harpur, A. G., Sadowski, H. B., Gilman, M. Z. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1993). Polypeptide signaling to the nucleus through tyrosine phosphorylation of Jak and Stat proteins. Nature 366, 580-583.

270. Lai, E., Clark, K. L., Burley, S. K. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1993) Hepatoc yte nuclear factor 3 fork head or "winged helix" proteins: A family of transcription factors of diverse biologic function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 10421-10423.

271. Shuai, K., Horvath, C. M., Tsai Huang, L. H., Qureshi, S. A., Cowburn, D. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1994). Interferon activation of the transcription factor Stat91 involves dimerization through SH2-phosphotyrosyl peptide interactions. Cell 76,821-828.

272. Zhong, Z., Wen, Z. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1994). Stat3: A STAT family member activated by tyrosine phosphorylation in response to Epidermal Growth Factor and Interleukin-6. Science 264, 95-98.

273. Darnell, J. R., Jr., Kerr, I. M. and Stark, G. R. (1994). JAK-STAT pathways and transcriptional activation in response to IFNs and othe extracellular signaling proteins. Science 264, 1415-1421.

274. Zhong, Z., Wen, Z. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1994). Stat3 and Stat4: Members of the family of signal transducers and activators of transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 4806-4810.

275. Improta, T., Schindler, C., Horvath, C. M., Kerr, I.M., Stark, G. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1994). ISGF-3 formation requires phosphorylated Stat91 but Stat113 is phosphorylated independently of Stat91. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 4776-4780.

276. Duncan, S. A., Manova, K., Chen, W. S., Hoodless, P., Weinstein, D. C., Bachvarova, R. F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1994). Expression of transcription factor HNF-4 in the extraembryonic endoderm, gut, and nephrogenic tissue of the developing mouse embryo: HNF-4 is a marker for primary endoderm in the implanting blastocyst. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 7598-7602.

277. Ruff-Jamison, S., Zhong, Z., Wen, Z., Chen, W., Darnell, J.E. and Cohen, S. (1994). Epidermal growth factor and lipopolysaccharide activate Stat3 transcription factor in mouse liver. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 21933-21935.

278. Weinstein, D. C., Ruiz i Altaba, A., Chen, W. S., Hoodless, P., Prezioso, V. R., Jessell, T. M. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1994). The winged-helix transcription factor HNF-3b is required for notochord development in the mouse embryo. Cell 78, 575-588.

279. Zhong, W., Mirkovitch, J. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1994). Tissue-specific regulation of mouse hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 7276-7284.

280. Chen, W. S., Manova, K., Weinstein, D. C., Duncan, S. A., Plump, A. S., Prezioso, V. R., Bachvarova, R. F. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1994). Disruption of the HNF-4 gene, expressed in visceral endoderm, leads to cell death in embryonic ectoderm and impaired gastrulation of mouse embryos. Genes & Devel. 8, 2466- 2477.

281. Gronowski, A. M., Zhong, Z., Wen, Z., Thomas, M. J., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Rotwein, P. (1995). In vivo growth hormone treatment rapidly stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Stat3. Mol. Endocrin. 9, 171-177.

282. Leung, S., Qureshi, S. A., Kerrr, I. M., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Stark, G. R. (1995). Role of STAT2 in the alpha interferon signaling pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 1312-1317.

283. Sengupta, T. K., Chen, A., Zhong, Z., Darnell, J. E., Jr., and Ivashkiv, L. B. (1995). Activation of monocyte effector genes and STAT family transcription factors by inflammatory synovial fluid is independent of interferon g. J. Exp. Med. 181, 1015-1025.

284. Heim, M. H., Kerr, I.M., Stark, G. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1995). STAT SH2 groups contribute to specific interferon signalling by the Jak-STAT pathway. Science 267, 1347-1349.

285. Stahl, N., Farruggella, T. J., Boulton, T. G., Zhong, Z., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Yancopoulos, G. D. (1995). Choice of STATs and other substrates specified by modular tyrosine-based motifs in cytokine receptors. Science 267, 1349-1353.

286. Yan, R., Qureshi, S., Zhong, Z., Wen, Z. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1995). The genomic structure of the STAT genes: multiple exons in coincident sites in Stat1 and Stat2. Nucl. Acids Res. 23, 459-463.

287. Horvath, C. M., Wen, Z. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1995). A STAT protein domain that determines DNA sequence recognition suggests a novel DNA-binding domain. Genes & Devel. 9, 984-994.

288. Jacobson, N. G., Szabo, S. J., Weber-Nordt, R. M., Zhong, Z., Schreiber, R. D., Darnell, J. E., Jr. and Murphy, K. M. (1995). Interleukin 12 signaling in T helper type 1 (TH1) cells involves tyorsine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 and Stat 4. J. Exp. Med. 181, 1755-1762.

289. Qureshi, S. A., Salditt-Georgieff, M. and Darnell, J. E. , Jr. (1995). Tyrosine-phosphorylated Stat1 and Stat2 plus a 48-kDa protein all contact DNA in forming interferon-stimulated-gene factor 3. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 3829-3833.

290. Seidel, H. M., Milocco, L. H., Lamb, P., Darnell, J. E., Jr., Stein, R. B., and Rosen, J. (1995). Spacing of palindromic half sites as a determinant of selective STAT DNA binding and transcriptional activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 3041-3045.

291. Schindler, C., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1995). Transcriptional responses to polypeptide ligands: The JAK- STAT pathway. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 64, 621-651.

292. Boulton, T. G., Zhong, Z., Wen, Z., Darnell, J. E., Jr., Stahl, N. and Yancopoulos, G. D. (1995). Stat3 activation by cytokines utilizing gp130 and related transducers involves a secondary modification requiring an H7-sensitive kinase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 6915-6919.

293. Wen, Z., Zhong, Z. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1995). Maximal activation of transcription by Stat1 and Stat3 requires both tyrosine and serine phosphorylation. Cell 82, 241-250.

294. Copeland, N. G., Gilbert, D. J., Schindler, C., Zhong, Z., Wen, Z., Darnell, J. E., Jr., Mui, A. L.-F., Miyajima, A., Quelle, F. W., Ihle, J. N. and Jenkins, N. A. (1995). Distribution of the mammalian Stat gene family in mouse chromosomes. Genomics 29, 225-228.

295. Horvath, C. M., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1996). The antiviral state induced by alpha interferon and gamma interferon requires transcriptionally active Stat1 protein. J. Virol. 70, 647-650.

296. Qureshi, S. A., Leung, S., Kerr, I. M., Stark, G. R., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1996). Function of Stat2 protein in transcriptional activation by alpha interferon. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16, 288-293.

297. Yan, R., Small, S., Desplan, C., Dearolf, C. R. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1996). Identification of a Stat gene that functions in Drosophila development. Cell 84, 421-430.

298. Li, A., Leung, S., Qureshi, S., Darnell, J. E., Jr., and Stark, G. R. (1996). Formation of STAT1-STAT2 heterodimers and their role in the activation if IRF-1 gene transcription by interferon -a. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 5790-5795.

299. Yan, R., Luo, H., Darnell, J. E., Jr., and Dearolf, C. R. (1996). A JAK-STAT pathway regulates wing vein formation in Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 5842-5847.

300. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1996). Reflections on STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6 as fat STATs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 6221-6224.

301. Bromberg, J. F., Horvath, C. M., Wen, J., Schreiber, R. D., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1996). Transcriptionally active Stat1 is required for the antiproliferative effects of both interferon a and interferon g. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 7673-7678.

302. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1996). The JAK-STAT pathway: Summary of initial studies and recent advances. Recent Prog. Hormone Res. 51, 391-404.

303. Vaisse, C., Halass, J. L., Horvath, C. M., J. E. Darnell, Jr., Stoffel, M., and Friedman, J. M. (1996). Leptin activation of Stat3 in the hypothalamus of wild-type and ob/ob mice but not db/db mice. Nature Genetics 14, 95-97.

304. Hemmann, U., Gerhartz, C., Heesel, B., Sasse, J., Kurapkat, G., Groetzinger, J., Wollmer, Z., Zhong, Z., Darnell, J.E., Jr., Graeve, L., Heinrich, P.C., and Horn, F. (1996). Differential activation of acute phase response factor/Stat3 and Stat1 via the cytoplasmic domain of the interleukin 6 signal transducer gp130. Src homology SH2 domains define the specificity of STAT factor activation. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 12999- 13007.

305. Zong, C., Yan, R., August, A., Darnell, J.E., Jr., and Hanafusa, H. (1996). Unique signal transduction of Eyk: constitutive stimulation of the JAK-STAT pathway by an oncogenic receptor-type tyrosine kinase. EMBO J. 15, 4515-4525.

306. Vinkemeier,U., Cohen,S.L., Moaerefi,I., Chait,B.T., Kuriyan,J., and Darnell,J.E., Jr. (1996). DNA binding of in vitro activated Stat1a, Stat1b and truncated Stat1: Interaction between NH2 terminal domains stabilizes binding of two dimers to tandem DNA sites. EMBO J. 15, 5616-5626.

307. Weber-Nordt, R. M., Riley, J. K., Greenlund, A. C., Moore, K. W., Darnell, J. E., and Schreiber, R. D. (1996). Stat3 recruitment by two distinct ligand-induced, tyrosine-phosphorylated docking sites in the interleukin-10 receptor intracellular domain. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 27954-27961.

308. Haspel, R., Salditt-Georgieff, M., and Darnell, J.E.,Jr. (1996). The rapid inactivation of nuclear tyrosine phosphorylated Stat1 depends upon a protein tyrosine phosphatase. EMBO J. 15, 6262-6268.

309. Horvath,C.M., Stark, G.R., Kerr, I.M., and Darnell, J.E.,Jr. (1996). Interactions between STAT and non- STAT proteins in the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 transcription complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16, 6957- 6964.

310. Zhang, J.J., Vinkemeier, U., Gu, W., Chakravarti, D., Horvath, C.M., and Darnell, J.E., Jr. (1996). Two contact regions between Stat1 and CBP/p300 in interferon g signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 15092-15096 311. Duncan, S.A., Zhong, Z., Wen, J., and Darnell, J.E., Jr. (1997). STAT signaling is active during early mammalian development. Develop. Dynamics 208, 190-198.

312. Horvath, C. M., and Darnell, J.E., Jr. (1997). The state of the STATs: recent developments in the study of signal transduction to the nucleus. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 9, 233-239.

313. Wen, Z., and Darnell, J.E., Jr. (1997). Mapping of Stat3 serine phosphorylation to a single residue (727) and evidence that serine phosphorylation has no influence on DNA binding of Stat1 and Stat3. Nucl. Acids Res. 25, 2062-2067.

314. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1997). STATs and gene regulation. Science 277, 1630-1635.

315. Zhu, X., Wen, Z., Xu, L. Z., and Darnell, J.E., Jr. (1997). Stat1 serine phosphorylation occurs independently of tyrosine phosphorylation and requires an activated Jak2 kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17, 6618-6623.

316. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1997). Phosphotyrosine signaling and the single cell:metazoan boundary. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 11767-11769.

317. Vinkemeier, U., Moarefi, I., Darnell, J. E., Jr. , and Kuriyan, J. (1998). Structure of the NH2-terminal protein interaction domain of Stat-4. Science 279, 1048-1052.

318. Bromberg, J. F., Horvath, C. M., Besser, D., Lathem, W. W., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1998). Stat3 activation is required for cellular transformation by v-src. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18,2553-2558.

319. Chen, X., Vinkemeier, U., Zhao, Y., Jeruzalmi, D., Darnell, J. E., Jr., and Kuriyan, J. (1998). Crystal structure of a tyrosine phosphorylated STAT-1 dimer bound to DNA. Cell 93, 827-839.

320. Bromberg, J. F., Fan, Z., Brown, C., Mendelsohn, J. and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1998). Epidermal growth factor-induced growth inhibition requires Stat1 activation. Cell Growth & Differ. 9, 505-512.

321. Darnell, J.E., Jr. (1998). Studies of IFN-induced transcriptional activation uncover the Jak-Stat pathway. J. Interferon and Cytokine Res. 18, 549-554.

322. Zhang, J.J., Zhao, Y., Chait, B.T., Lathem, W.W., Ritzi, M., Knippers, R., and Darnell, J.E., Jr. (1998). Ser 727-dependent recruitment of MCM5 by Stat1a in IFN-g-induced transcriptional activation. EMBO J. 17, 6963-6971.

323. Besser, D., Bromberg, J. F., Darnell, J. E., Jr., and Hanafusa, H. (1999). A single amino acid substitution in the v-Eyk intracellular domain results in activation of Stat3 and enhances cellular transformation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 1402-1409.

324. John, S., Vinkemeier, U., Soldaini, E., Darnell, J. E., Jr., and Leonard, W. J. (1999). The significance of tetramerization in promoter recruitment by Stat5. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 1910-1918.

325. Kuriyan, J., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1999). An SH2 domain in disguise. Nature 398, 22-25.

326. Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1999). Eukaryotic RNAs: Once more from the beginning... . Mol.Biol. of the Cell 10, 1685-1692.

327. Yang, E., Wen, Z., Haspel, R.L., Zhang, J.J., and Darnell, J.E., Jr. (1999). The linker domain of Stat1 is required for interferon-g driven transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 5106-5112.

328. Zhang, X., Wrzeszczynaska, M. H., Horvath, C. M., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (1999). Interacting regions in Stat3 and c-Jun that participate in cooperative transcriptional activation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 7138-7146.

329. Haspel, R.L., and Darnell, J.E.,Jr. (1999). A nuclear protein tyrosine phosphatase is required for the inactivation of Stat1. Proc. Natl. Acad.Sci. USA 96, 10188-10193.

330. Bromberg, J.F., Wrzeszczynska, M.H., Devgan, G., Zhao, Y., Pestell, R. G., Albanese, C., and Darnell, J.E.,Jr. (1999). Stat3 as an oncogene. Cell 98, 295-303.

331. Bromberg, J.F., and Darnell, J.E.,Jr. (1999). Potential roles of Stat1 and Stat3 in cellular transformation. CSH Symp. Quant. Biol. LXIV, 425-428.

332. Bromberg, J.F., and Darnell, J.E.,Jr. (2000). The role of STATs in transcriptional control and their impact on cellular function. Oncogene 19, 2468-2473.

333. Shen, Y., Devgan, G., Darnell, J. E., Jr., and Bromberg, J. F. (2001). Constitutively activated Stat3 protects fibroblasts from serum withdrawal and UV-induced apoptosis and antagonizes the pro-apoptotic effects of activated Stat1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 1543-1548.

334. Shen, Y., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (2001). Antiviral response in cells containing Stat1 with heterologous transactivation domains. J. Virol. 75, 2627-2633.

335. Betz, A., Lampen, N., Martinek, S., Young, M. W., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (2001). The Drosophila PIAS homologue zimp negatively regulates Stat92E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 9563-9568.

336. Zhang, X., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (2001). Functional importance of Stat3 tetramerization in activation of the a2-macroglobulin gene. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 33576-33581. 337. Brivanlou, A. H., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (2002). Signal transduction and the control of gene expression. Science 295, 813-818.

338. Yang, E., Henriksen, M., Schaefer, O., Fursov, N., and Darnell, J. E., Jr. (2002). Dissociation time from DNA determines transcriptional function in a STAT1 linker mutant. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 13455-13462.

339. Nair, J. S., DaFonseca, C., Tjernberg, A., Darnell, J. E., Jr., Chair, B. T., and Zhang, J. J. (2002). Requirement of Ca2+ and CAMKII for IFN-g-induced Stat1 Ser727 phosphorylation and Stat1 protein stability. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 5971-5976.